Publications and presentations

In this section you may find publications generated by the project and presentations given by the partners as part of the project dissemination activities. All material is the property of the MAGNITUDE project and its partners under the project Grant Agreement. Use of this material can only be done with the adequate copyrights and after receiving a clear written approval from the authors.

Project Public Presentation

Below you may find the project public presentation, including the objectives and structure of the project, the presentation of the consortium and the Case Studies of the project, as well as the expected results. The presentation is the property of the MAGNITUDE consortium and will be updated along the life time of the project.

MAGNITUDE Project public presentation

Final public workshop and Policy workshop on 17/18 March 2021

The MAGNITUDE final public workshop was held online on 17th March from 9:00 to 13:00 CET
This workshop “Unlocking Flexibility Potential of Multi-Energy Systems” was dedicated to the presentation of the main project results, lessons learnt and recommendations.
Feedback and outlook from real-life Case Studies was also be provided.
Final public workshop presentations are available.

The MAGNITUDE policy workshop “Energy Integration: from Policy to Action” was held online on 18th March from 9:20 to 12:30 CET
The MAGNITUDE policy recommendations were presented followed by roundtable discussions on the current policy framework.
The first roundtable focused on the high level aspects of system optimization at European level, followed by a discussion about what integration means for operators of energy infrastructure.
Policy workshop presentations are available.

Public Workshop Presentation, 10 October 2019

How can sector coupling enable flexibility provision?
Technical and market integration challenges

MAGNITUDE public workshop presentation

X. Xu, Y. Zhou, M. Qadrdan and J. Wu, "Unlocking the Flexibility of CHP in District Heating Systems to Provide Frequency Response," 2019 IEEE Milan PowerTech, Milan, Italy, 2019, pp. 1-6.

Abstract: Combined heat and power (CHP) units can be operated flexibly to mitigate the impact of renewable resources. However, when used in district heating systems, the constraint governing heat and electricity outputs limits the capability of CHP in supporting the power grid. To addresses this issue, this paper presents a two-layer control system to coordinate CHP, district heating network and buildings. With this control system, CHP can meet the heat demand of local users and provide frequency response for the power grid simultaneously. The excess/deficit heat of CHP supply is balanced by heat stored in buildings and pipelines. The proposed method is tested in the GB Firm Frequency Response market. Numerical results show that the capability of CHP in providing frequency response is determined by the following factors: capacity and ramping rate of CHP, the restriction in the supply temperature of district heating network and the temperature of buildings.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8810576 

doi: 10.1109/PTC.2019.8810576

K. Kessels et al., "Innovative Market Schemes for Integrated Multi-energy Systems," 2019 16th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM), Ljubljana, Slovenia, 2019, pp. 1-6.

Abstract: Multi-carrier energy systems create opportunities to decrease CO2 emissions, and improve the performance of energy systems by combining the benefits from different energy carriers. Currently, electricity, gas and heat systems are however economically decoupled in time by separate markets with different time frames and very different characteristics. This paper proposes five innovative multi-carrier market schemes which can better reflect the interactions between the different energy carriers, which eventually can lead to higher overall social welfare. The schemes range from a single carrier energy market scheme with separate, sequential day-ahead markets for different energy carriers to a unified multi-carrier energy market scheme with one unique multi-carrier market. Other schemes with single and/or multi-carrier markets at local and/or global level are also proposed. A qualitative evaluation of the five multi-carrier market schemes is given based on three indicators: economic efficiency, confidentiality level and resemblance to the current EU energy market designs.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8916382

Link to PDF 

doi: 10.1109/EEM.2019.8916382

 

K. Witkowski et al., "The role of thermal technologies for enhancing flexibility in Multi-Energy Systems through sector coupling: technical suitability and expected developments," IET Energy Systems Integration Digital Library, 2020, 15pp

Abstract: Thermal power generation technologies are widely used for electricity production, for heat provision in district of process heating systems, and for combined heat and power generation. In most cases thermal technologies are heat driven and electricity is produced as a by-product, thus resulting in a non-flexible behaviour of the electricity production. Modern power grids are characterized by an increasing share of renewable leading to a need for enhanced and flexible ways of controlling the power flow. In order to provide services to the power grid, thermal generating technologies may be used in a more efficient way, coupled to gas and heat storage systems of aggregated in virtual power plants. Several technical factors determine which technologies are suitable for flexibility provision, including: power-ranges, start-up times and ramp rates. 

In this work, carried out in the frame of the MAGNITUDE H2020 project, the technical characteristics of thermal sector-coupling technologies were analysed using data from the seven real-life project’s case studies. The technical suitability was determined based on the product requirements in selected European power markets for the provision of identified system services. Expected future developments and trends were as well highlighted.

https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0061 

doi: 10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0061

 

Edoardo Corsetti, et al. "A Very-Short-Term Multi-Energy Management System for a District Heating Plant Enabling Ancillary Service Provision" IET Energy Systems Integration Digital Library, 2020, 12pp

Abstract: The paper proposes the simulation study of a district-heating (DH) plant, located in the north of Italy, to provide automatic Frequency Regulation Reserve (aFRR). This work was carried out in the MAGNITUDE European project and consisted to model and simulate the plant. In particular, the plant devices were designed by grey-box models to replicate the behaviours. Also, the dh-network and the heat demand were modelled as functionality coupled to the device models. A multi-energy system (MES) plant manager coordinates the district-heating devices in a very short term time interval while approaching and providing ancillary services. The designed models were simulated to replicate the basic behaviours of the plant. The outcomes were compared against the real plant time series data set, showing a very good fitting. Afterwards, the plant provision of the aFRR market service was simulated. The results obtained showed how the coordinated devices satisfy the strict aFRR real-time constraints while supplying the DH-demand. The gained results go beyond the simulation case performed and suggest a twofold perspective: the regulation has to pay a greater attention to the amount of reliable regulating reserve arising from DH-MES, and DH-operators can increase the available resources to operate the-plants.

https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0074 

doi: 10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0074

 

Lionel Cauret, et al. "Flexibility provision through enhanced synergies between electricity, gas and<br /> heat systems: comparative analysis of market and regulatory frameworks in seven case study countries</p> <p>" IET Energy Systems Integration Digital Library, 2020, 14pp

Abstract: With the increased share of renewable energy sources, there is a growing need for more flexibility to ensure the
efficient and reliable operation of the electricity system. Multi-energy systems (MES) now appear as one possible means
to provide such flexibility through increased synergies between electricity, gas and heating/cooling systems. In this
context, the paper describes the main findings of a study carried out in the MAGNITUDE European project. The most
relevant services that could be provided by MES to the electricity system are first presented. Then a methodology is
proposed to characterize and compare the market organizations and mechanisms for their procurement. The results of
its application in seven case study countries are summarized and illustrate the diversity met between countries. The gas
and heat sectors are also investigated for the seven countries to characterize the main aspects relevant to the provision of
the services by MES. A comparative analysis is then carried out between the three energy sectors in the seven countries
and highlights the major similarities and differences. Finally, potential barriers for the provision of the services by MES
are discussed regarding market, regulatory and cultural aspects.

https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0062 

doi: 10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0062 

Christoph Gutschi et al. "Potentials and Barriers of Multi-Energy Systems for Provision of Flexibility to Power Markets". 16. Symposium Energieinnovation, 12.-14.02.2020, Graz/Austria
Meysam Qadrdan et al. "Quantifying Flexibility of Industrial Steam Systems for Ancillary Services: A Case Study of An Integrated Pulp and Paper Mill" IET Energy Systems Integration Digital Library, 2020, 11pp

Abstract: Due to the increasing use of intermittent renewable generation, the power grid requires more flexible resources to balance supply and demand of electricity. Steam systems with turbine-generators, which are widely used in industries, can be operated flexibly to support the power grid. Yet, the available amount of flexibility of industrial steam systems is still not clearly quantified. This paper presents the method to quantify electricity generation flexibility of a typical industrial steam system with a steam turbine-generator and process heat demands. The proposed method is introduced based on a real case of an integrated pulp and paper mill in Austria. An integrated mathematical model representing the combined electricity and steam system is developed to simulate the behaviour of the on-site energy system so as to quantify the potential flexibility provision. Flexibility is represented as the maximum upward and downward changes in the imported electricity from the public power grid. The results demonstrate that it is possible to aggregate the flexibility of the industrial facility as a lookup table. Also, the results reflect key factors that limit the flexibility at different operating points of the turbine generator.

 https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0082

doi: 10.1049/iet-esi.2019.0082

 

Shahab Shariat Torbaghan et al. "Designing day-ahead multi-carrier markets for flexibility: Models and clearing algorithms" Applied Energy (Elsevier), Volume 285, 1 March 2021, 116390

Abstract: There is an intrinsic value in higher integration of multi-carrier energy systems (especially gas and electricity), to increase operational flexibility in the electricity system and to improve allocation of resources in gas and electricity networks. The integration of different energy carrier markets is challenging due to the existence of physical and economic dependencies between the different energy carriers. We propose in this paper an integrated day-ahead multi-carrier gas, electricity and heat market clearing which includes new types of orders and constraints on these orders to represent techno-economic constraints of con-version and storage technologies. We prove that the proposed market clearing gives rise to competitive equilibria. In addition, we propose two decentralised clearing algorithms which differ in how the decomposition of the underlying centralised clearing optimisation problem is performed. This has implications in terms of the involved agents and their mutual information exchange. It is proven that they yield solutions equivalent to the centralised market clearing under a mild assumption of sufficient number of iterations. We argue that such an integrated multi-carrier energy market mitigates (spot) market risks faced by market participants and enables better spot pricing of the different energy carriers. The results show that conversion/storage technology owners would suffer from losses and/or opportunity costs, if they were obliged to only use elementary orders. For the test cases considered in this article, sum of losses and opportunity costs could reach up to 13,000 €/day and 9,000 €/day respectively, compared with the case where conversion and storage orders are used.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261920317633

doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116390

 

Edoardo Corsetti et al. "A Multi-Energy Bio-Gas Production Plant Exploiting Electrical Market Services Provision" CIRED 2020 Berlin Workshop Berlin, 4 - 5 June 2020, Paper 377

Abstract: This paper presents the results to identify optimization strategies to exploit the flexibility provided by a biogas production plant. This plant, located in Murcia (Spain) is one of seven real life case studies of multi energy systems, located in different European countries under analysis in the EU MAGNITUDE project. The facility Murcia Este is a wastewater treatment plant WWTP, with production of biogas as a result from Anaerobic Digestion. The biogas produced is completely exploited to selfsustain the electricity and heat plant demands. The flexibility provision ability is given as ancillary market participation, in particular by manual frequency regulation reserve (mFRR) provision. The model of the plant refers to a base case, consisting of the current configuration and management, and to several possible extensions, improving devices and management strategies. The experimentations carried out are based on weekly data, each one associated to the seasons and to two “critical” weeks. The results show the plant can successfully provide the market service in the current configuration (base case) and in the improvements proposed, for all the six weeks data identified. The improvement which provides the best results is the heatstorage, currently not installed, which ensures an interesting decoupling between the biogas production and the heat demand/service provision.

 

 

Edoardo Corsetti et al. "A Methodology to Support the Flexibility Maximization for Multi-Energy Systems to Provide Services to the Electrical Distribution System" CIRED 2020 Berlin Workshop Berlin, 4 - 5 June 2020, Paper 388

Abstract: The paper proposes the Energy-Lattice methodology designed to model and analyse multi-energy systems (MES) as energy transformation flows. A mixed-integer linear programming algorithm supports the methodology to set short-term planning for MES to satisfy the multi-energy demand, and the provision of services, like ancillary services to the power system. The methodology is based on the notion of energy-layers associated to energy carriers. An energy-layer represents the provision of services and the satisfaction of the external demand, by the operation of suitable devices, like generators, storages and loads related to an energy-carrier. Energy layers are related each other by conversion nodes. This work was partially carried out in the European project H2020 MANGNITUDE (n. 774309). The paper illustrates the main features of the Energy Lattice methodology and the underlying algorithm that model the behaviour of the MES in the short term. This algorithm is a mathematical mixed integer linear programming composed of two steps. The former copes the energy demand and the latter, according to the results of the first one, verifies the economic convenience to provide ancillary services according to the identified flexibility margins.

 

 

EdoardoCorsetti et al. "Modelling and deploying multi-energy flexibility: The energy lattice framework" Advances in Applied Energy Volume 2, 26 May 2021, 100030

Abstract: This work proposes a novel modelling framework and an associated optimization methodology for short-term operational planning to deploy multi-energy system (MES) flexibility, with application to district energy systems and participation in energy and frequency control ancillary services (FCAS). In this paper, the proposed flexibility framework, based on the concept of multi-energy lattice, models a MES by several energy layers, each one associated with a specific energy carrier. The identified energy layers are linked by specific conversion nodes associated with coupling devices that operate across several energy carriers. After illustrating in detail the main features of the multi-energy lattice methodology and, particularly, how it enables to clearly describe and quantify how flexibility arises from both single-layer and cross-layer energy balancing, different features of the concept of multi-energy flexibility are defined and discussed. An associated operational optimization methodology to deploy multi-energy flexibility in a market environment is then introduced. This methodology is based on a two-step mixed integer linear programming approach, namely, (i) definition of a multi-energy baseline to cope with the energy demand across multiple energy vectors and (ii) identification of flexibility margins and economic convenience to offer different FCAS by deploying multi-energy flexibility. The multi-energy lattice concept is then demonstrated on the Milan district heating system. This MES plant exploits its flexibility for participation in multiple FCAS markets besides day-ahead energy trading, and it is shown how the proposed methodology is able to optimize the flexibility arising from different devices and optimally combine these contributions across multiple energy layers for business case purposes, in line with the general theory of the multi-energy lattice.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666792421000238

doi: 10.1016/j.adapen.2021.100030

 

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